The suspension of rail service between New Jersey and New York was caused by a combination of factors, including extreme heat, strained infrastructure, and mechanical problems on Amtrak and New Jersey Transit. A malfunctioning circuit breaker and a disabled train at Penn Station also contributed to the disruptions. The root cause of the issues is still under investigation.
Amtrak cited "overhead wire issues" and a malfunctioning circuit breaker as the specific infrastructure issues for the disruptions4. The heat wave also contributed to the problems, as it caused stress on the infrastructure, leading to slower train speeds and potential derailments.
Extreme heat can cause rail tracks to expand, leading to potential buckling and increased risk of derailment. This may require trains to operate at slower speeds for safety. Additionally, catenary wires—overhead power wires—can sag due to heat, which may lead to entanglement with rail car equipment6. To counter these issues, rail infrastructure authorities calculate a neutral temperature range and perform destressing or neutralizing methods to maintain a stress-free state in the rails.